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The birth of water
How water is formed: oh, and by the way, you don't think that rainwater is pure - do you?
 Fish are open systems
and are thus affected by changes in the surrounding water. Understanding this is fundamental to all aspects of fish health
The unusual character of water
It's strange stuff, but without it there would be no life on Earth and no fish in ponds!
Osmosis and osmoregulation
are major factors in fish health and easily affected by water quality, stress, and disease.
The final cocktail we call pure water
It is an amazing cocktail that has a major influence on fish health.
Fish are like leaky parcels
of water swimming around in a tank or pond - no wonder water quality is so important to fish health.
Defining water quality
With over 90% of all health problems related to poor conditions do you meet the 5-point standard?
Ammonia
The silent killer always ready to strike
Nitrite
Not quite as dangerous as ammonia, but still a major threat to fish health.
pH
What is it? an important topic that affects virtually every aspect of fish health and water quality.
Water hardness
A major water quality factor that affects fish health, water quality and disease treatments- yet few fish keepers check it!
 Temperature
Has a major influence on all aspects of aquatic health as well as oxygen levels and fish immune systems.
Water testing
The key to fish health. What and when to test
Zeolite
is very useful to control elevated ammonia levels - but it must be used correctly!
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